Migraine is a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent, intense headaches often accompanied by other symptoms. These severe headaches typically present as throbbing pain on one side of the head and can last anywhere from a few hours to several days. Migraines can be triggered by various factors such as hormonal changes, stress, certain foods, sensory stimuli, or changes in sleep patterns.

In addition to the pulsating head pain, migraines often come with other symptoms. Sensitivity to light (photophobia), sound (phonophobia), and smells is common during an attack. Nausea and vomiting are also frequent symptoms. Some individuals may experience visual disturbances known as auras before the headache begins, such as flashing lights, blind spots, or zigzag lines.

Migraines can significantly impact daily life, causing disruptions in work, social activities, and overall well-being. While the exact cause of migraines is not fully understood, a combination of genetic and environmental factors is believed to contribute to their development.

Management of migraines involves both preventive and acute treatments. Lifestyle modifications, stress management, and identifying triggers are essential for prevention, while medications such as pain relievers, anti-nausea drugs, and specific migraine medications can be used to alleviate symptoms during an attack. Consultation with a healthcare professional is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and effective migraine management.